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Muscle Groups Around the Knee Joint

Understanding the Muscles That Support and Move Your Knee

Introduction to Knee Muscles

The knee joint is a pivotal hinge connecting the thigh to the lower leg, enabling movements like walking, running, and jumping. Surrounding this joint are several key muscle groups that provide stability, strength, and flexibility. Understanding these muscles is essential for maintaining knee health and addressing any related injuries.

Primary Muscle Groups Around the Knee

Quadriceps Muscles (Front Thigh) – Knee Extensors
  • Rectus Femoris – Assists in knee extension and hip flexion.
  • Vastus Lateralis – Stabilizes the outer knee
  • Vastus Medialis – Provides knee stability and patella tracking.
  • Vastus Intermedius – Lies beneath the rectus femoris and aids in knee extension.
Hamstring Muscles (Back Thigh) – Knee Flexors
  • Biceps Femoris – Assists in knee flexion and hip extension.
  • Semitendinosus – Aids in knee flexion and internal rotation.
  • Semimembranosus – Supports knee flexion and internal rotation.
Calf Muscles – Knee and Ankle Support
  • Gastrocnemius – Assists in knee flexion and foot plantarflexion.
  • Soleus – Supports the lower leg and helps in walking and standing for long durations.
Adductor Muscles (Inner Thigh) – Knee and Hip Stabilizers
  • Gracilis – Affects knee and hip movements.
  • Adductor Longus – Assists in leg adduction and stabilization.
  • Adductor Brevis & Magnus – Provide additional support for hip and knee stability.
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