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Patella Alta – Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

What is Patella Alta?

Patella Alta, also known as a high-riding patella, is a condition where the kneecap (patella) sits higher than normal in relation to the femur (thigh bone). This abnormal positioning affects knee stability and can lead to knee pain, instability, and an increased risk of dislocations.

This condition is often congenital (present from birth) but can also result from trauma, previous knee surgeries, or connective tissue disorders.

Recovery & Prevention

  • Gradual Return to Activities
  • Strength & Stability Exercises
  • Use of Knee Braces

Treatment Options for Patella Alta

Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatments
  • Physical Therapy: Strengthening the quadriceps and hip muscles improves knee stability.
  • Bracing & Taping: Helps guide the patella into the correct position.
  • Activity Modification: Avoid high-impact activities that strain the knee.
Surgical Treatments (For Severe Cases)
  • Patellar Realignment Surgery: Adjusts the patellar tendon attachment to improve positioning.
  • Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy: Reshapes the tibial tuberosity to improve patellar tracking.
  • MPFL Reconstruction: If dislocations occur frequently, the medial patellofemoral ligament may be reconstructed.
Symptoms of Patella Alta
  • Knee Pain: Especially during physical activities like running, squatting, or climbing stairs.
  • Knee Instability: A feeling of the knee "giving out" or buckling.
  • Frequent Dislocations: The patella may slip out of place, leading to pain and swelling.
Diagnosis of Patella Alta
  • Physical Examination: The doctor will assess kneecap positioning, mobility, and tracking.
  • X-ray: Determines the height of the patella relative to the femur using the Insall-Salvati ratio.
  • MRI or CT Scan: Helps evaluate soft tissue structures and rule out ligament damage.
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