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Complications of High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO)

Understanding Risks & Ensuring a Safe Recovery

What is High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO)?

High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO) is a joint-preserving knee surgery performed to correct misalignment and relieve pain from osteoarthritis or deformities. While it is a highly effective procedure, like any surgery, it carries certain risks and potential complications that need to be understood before undergoing treatment.

How to Minimize Risks & Ensure Safe Recovery

  • Follow Post-Surgery Care Instructions
  • Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle
  • Commit to Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
  • Regular Follow-Up Visits

Possible Complications of High Tibial Osteotomy

Delayed Bone Healing or Non-Union
  • Sometimes, the cut bone may take longer than expected to heal.
  • In rare cases, the bones may fail to fuse (non-union), requiring additional treatment.
Infection at the Surgical Site
  • Although rare, infections can occur after surgery, leading to redness, swelling, or fever.
  • Severe infections may require antibiotics or, in rare cases, additional surgery.
Blood Clots (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT)
  • Surgery and limited mobility can increase the risk of blood clot formation in the legs.
  • A clot can travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism), which is a medical emergency.
Nerve or Blood Vessel Damage
  • Nearby nerves or blood vessels may be affected during surgery, causing temporary numbness or weakness.
  • In very rare cases, permanent nerve damage can occur.
Hardware-Related Problems
  • Plates and screws used for bone fixation may cause discomfort or irritation.
  • In some cases, hardware removal may be needed after complete healing.
Over or Under Correction of Knee Alignment
  • If too much or too little bone is adjusted, it may lead to continued knee pain or instability.
  • Rare cases may require revision surgery for proper alignment correction.
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