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Fractures of Tibial Plateau

Understanding Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is a Tibial Plateau Fracture?

A tibial plateau fracture is a break in the upper part of the shinbone (tibia), which forms the lower half of the knee joint. This type of fracture can affect knee stability and function, often requiring surgery and rehabilitation.

🔹 Common in: Athletes, elderly individuals with osteoporosis, and trauma victims.
🔹 Severity: Can range from simple cracks to complex, displaced fractures affecting knee alignment.

Causes & Risk Factors

  • High-energy trauma
  • Osteoporosis
  • Knee stress injuries
  • Obesity
Symptoms of Tibial Plateau Fractures
  • Severe pain & swelling in the knee and upper shin
  • Inability to bear weight on the affected leg
  • Knee joint deformity or bruising
  • Limited range of motion or complete stiffness
  • Possible numbness or tingling (if nerves are affected)
Diagnosis of Tibial Plateau Fractures
  • Physical Examination: Checking knee alignment, stability, and movement.
  • X-rays: Identifies fracture pattern and severity.
  • CT Scan / MRI: Helps assess soft tissue damage, meniscus, or ligament injuries.

Treatment Options for Tibial Plateau Fractures

Non-Surgical Treatment (For Stable Fractures)
  • Immobilization using a brace or cast for 6-8 weeks.
  • Pain management with medication & ice therapy.
  • Physical therapy after healing to restore mobility & strength.
Surgical Treatment (For Displaced or Severe Fractures)
  • Open Reduction & Internal Fixation (ORIF) – Uses plates, screws, or rods for stability.
  • External Fixation – Temporary external frame used in complex fractures.
  • Knee Replacement (If Severe Damage Occurs) – In cases of joint surface destruction.
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