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Fractures of Patella

Understanding Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is a Patella Fracture?

A patella fracture is a break in the kneecap (patella), a small but vital bone that protects the knee joint and aids in movement. It can be a simple crack or a shattered fracture, affecting knee function and mobility.

🔹 Common in: Athletes, elderly individuals, and trauma victims.
🔹 Severity: Can range from stable fractures to severely displaced fractures requiring surgery.

Causes & Risk Factors

  • Direct Trauma
  • Indirect Stress
  • Weak Bones (Osteoporosis)
  • Repetitive Stress
Symptoms of Patella Fractures
  • Intense pain in the front of the knee
  • Swelling & bruising around the kneecap
  • Inability to straighten the leg or lift it
  • Difficulty in walking or standing
  • Visible deformity (if severely broken)
Diagnosis of Patella Fractures
  • Physical Examination: Checking knee stability, range of motion, and tenderness.
  • X-rays: Helps determine fracture type and displacement.
  • MRI/CT Scan: Used if soft tissue or ligament damage is suspected.

Treatment Options for Patella Fractures

Non-Surgical Treatment (For Stable Fractures)
  • Immobilization using a knee brace or cast (6-8 weeks).
  • Pain management with medication & ice therapy.
  • Physical therapy after healing to restore mobility & strength.
Surgical Treatment (For Displaced or Severe Fractures)
  • Tension Band Wiring (TBW): Uses wires & screws to hold the bone together.
  • Patellectomy (Partial/Complete): If the patella is severely damaged.
  • ORIF (Open Reduction & Internal Fixation): Uses plates & screws to fix the patella.
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