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Fractures of Distal Femur

Understanding Distal Femur Fractures, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

What is a Distal Femur Fracture?

A distal femur fracture refers to a break in the lower part of the thigh bone (femur), near the knee joint. It can range from simple cracks to complex, displaced fractures affecting the knee’s alignment and function.

🔹 Common in: Elderly individuals with osteoporosis, athletes, and accident victims.
🔹 Severity: Can be non-displaced (bone stays aligned) or displaced (bone fragments shift apart).

Causes & Risk Factors

  • High-impact trauma: Car accidents, falls from height, or sports injuries.
  • Osteoporosis: Weak bones prone to fractures, especially in older adults.
  • Sudden Movements:
  • Knee Replacement Patients: Previous knee implants may weaken the bone structure.

Types of Ligaments in the Knee

Symptoms of Distal Femur Fractures
  • Severe pain & swelling in the lower thigh & knee
  • Inability to bear weight on the affected leg
  • Instability or abnormal knee movement
  • Shortened or misaligned leg appearance
Diagnosis of Distal Femur Fractures
  • Physical Examination: Checking knee stability and movement.
  • X-rays: Identifies fracture type and severity.
  • CT Scan / MRI: Detects soft tissue damage and complex fractures.

Treatment Options for Distal Femur Fractures

Non-Surgical Treatment (For Stable Fractures)
  • Immobilization using a cast or brace.
  • Pain management with medication & cold therapy.
  • Physical therapy after bone healing to restore movement.
Surgical Treatment (For Displaced or Severe Fractures)
  • Open Reduction & Internal Fixation (ORIF) – Plates, screws, or rods stabilize the bone.
  • External Fixation – Temporary external frame used in complex fractures.
  • Knee Replacement (If Needed) – If the fracture damages the joint surface severely.
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