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Complications of Knee Arthroscopy

Understanding Risks, Prevention, and When to Seek Medical Attention

Is Knee Arthroscopy Safe?

Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure with a high success rate, but like any surgery, it carries some risks. While complications are rare, being informed about potential issues helps ensure a safe recovery and quick response if problems arise.

Common Complications & Their Management

Swelling & Persistent Pain
  • Mild swelling and discomfort are normal after surgery.
  • However, excessive swelling, sharp pain, or persistent discomfort could indicate a problem.
How to manage?
  • Apply ice packs (15–20 minutes every few hours).
  • Elevate the knee to reduce fluid buildup.
  • Take prescribed pain relievers as directed.
  • If pain worsens despite medication, consult your doctor.
Infection
  • The risk of infection is low but possible if bacteria enter the surgical site.
Signs of infection:
  • Redness, warmth, or excessive swelling around the incision.
  • Pus or foul-smelling discharge from the surgical site.
  • Fever above 101°F (38°C) and chills.
Blood Clots (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT)
  • Blood clots can form in the legs due to reduced mobility after surgery.
Warning Signs:
  • Leg pain, swelling, or tenderness (especially in one leg).
  • Skin discoloration or warmth in the affected area.
  • Sudden shortness of breath (could indicate a serious condition called Pulmonary Embolism).
Stiffness & Limited Range of Motion
  • Some patients may experience difficulty bending or straightening the knee after surgery.
Causes:
  • Excessive swelling or scar tissue formation.
  • Not following the recommended rehab exercises.
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