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Bones & Joints of the Knee

Structural Framework of the Knee

Introduction

The knee is the largest and one of the most complex joints in the human body. It is responsible for weight-bearing, movement, and stability. The knee joint is composed of several bones and joints that work together to allow smooth movement and absorb forces during walking, running, and other activities.

Bones of the Knee

Femur (Thigh Bone)
  • The longest and strongest bone in the body.
  • Forms the upper part of the knee joint.
  • Has two rounded ends (medial and lateral condyles) that articulate with the tibia.
Tibia (Shin Bone)
  • The larger of the two lower leg bones, supporting body weight.
  • Forms the lower part of the knee joint.
  • The tibial plateau provides the surface where the femur rests.

Joints of the Knee

Tibiofemoral Joint
  • The primary hinge joint of the knee.
  • Formed by the articulation of the femur and tibia.
  • Allows flexion, extension, and slight rotation.
Patellofemoral Joint
  • Formed between the patella and femur.
  • Helps reduce friction during knee movement.
  • Plays a crucial role in knee stability.
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